Essential Scots and the Idea of Unionism in Anglo-Scottish Literature, 1603-1832

Rivka Swenson

2016
348 pages
ISBN 9781611486780
Transits

John Locke asked, "since all things that exist are merely particulars, how come we by general terms?" Essential Scots and the Idea of Unionism in Anglo-Scottish Literature, 1603 - 1832 tells a story about aesthetics and politics that looks back to the 1603 Union of Crowns and James VI/I's emigration from Edinburgh to London. Considering the emergence of British unionism alongside the literary rise of both description and "the individual," Rivka Swenson builds on extant scholarship with original close readings that illuminate the inheritances of 1603, a date of considerable but untraced importance in Anglo-Scottish literary and cultural history whose legacies are still being negotiated today. The 1603 Union of Crowns spurred interest in exploring the aesthetic politics of unionism in relation to an alleged Scottish essence that could be manipulated to resist or support "Britishness," even as the king's emigration generated a legacy of gendered representations of traveling Scots and "Scotlands-left-behind."

Discussing writers such as Bacon, Defoe, Smollett, Johnson, Macpherson, Ferrier, and Scott along with lesser-known or forgotten popular authors (and ballads, transparencies, newspapers, joke books, cant dictionaries, political speeches, histories, travel narratives, engravings, material artifacts such as medals and snuffboxes), Essential Scots describes the years 1603 to 1832 as a crucial period in British history. Paradoxically, the political and cultural exploration of ideas about "unionism" in relation to a supposed "essential Scottishness" participated in the increasing prominence of both description and the "individual" in nineteenth-century Scottish literature; Swenson persuasively concludes that essential Scottishness (as both "identity" and symbolism) was refigured to mediate a national synthesis between the emergent individual and the nascent British nation - as well as the naturalized, even de-politicized, literary synthesis of particulars within putatively analogous narrative wholes.

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Reviews

"Swenson carries the reader into new critical territory through a series of deft readings. The meaning of Scottishness - understood as a kind of kernel or essence, however empty or malleable - changes over time as it does different work in the hands of different authors and at different historical moments. A sophisticated, thought-provoking addition. Indeed, Essential Scots serves notice that this sub-field has clearly come of age."
-Evan Gottlieb, Oregon State University

"(This book) fills a significant gap in the critical literature and touches on moments both familiar and relatively obscure in the history of Anglo-Scottish literary interactions over the long eighteenth century."
-Jenny Davidson, Studies in English Literature 1500-1900, Volume 56, Number 3, Summer 2016

"For anyone interested in Defoe, or in British fiction and politics between the 1603 Union of the Crowns and the Great Reform Act of 1832, this book is full of stimulating ideas. In some ways it delivers more than its title suggests, because it deals not just with Scottish writing but also with work by Defoe and Francis Bacon. "
--Robert Crawford, Digital Defoe: Studies in Defoe & His Contemporaries; 8, no. 1 (fall 2015)

"This ambitious book offers an alert and lively examination, not of Anglo-Scottish writing as a whole, but of the idea and representation of unionism in a series of specific authors or case-studies.... Even those who disagree with its larger claims about narrative, or with its particular interpretations, will find this a book stuffed with good and provocative quotes and ideas."
- Studies in Scottish Literature, 42:2 (fall 2016): 288-289

About the author:

Rivka Swenson is associate professor of English at Virginia Commonwealth University.

Distributed by Rowman & Littlefield Publishing Group

Paperback: 9781611486803; eBook: 9781611486797